{"id":59739,"date":"2024-06-08T12:16:36","date_gmt":"2024-06-08T11:16:36","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.davita.pt\/doentes\/o-que-acontece-2\/"},"modified":"2025-06-23T12:55:18","modified_gmt":"2025-06-23T11:55:18","slug":"o-que-e-a-doenca-renal-cronica-e-o-tratamento-de-dialise","status":"publish","type":"cpt_services","link":"https:\/\/www.davita.pt\/en\/doentes\/o-que-e-a-doenca-renal-cronica-e-o-tratamento-de-dialise\/","title":{"rendered":"What is chronic kidney disease and dialysis treatment?"},"content":{"rendered":"<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-post\" data-elementor-id=\"59739\" class=\"elementor elementor-59739\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-60b816f elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default sc_fly_static\" data-id=\"60b816f\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-extended\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-25700ea sc_content_align_inherit sc_layouts_column_icons_position_left sc_fly_static\" data-id=\"25700ea\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4a8d742 sc_fly_static elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"4a8d742\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1000\" height=\"1087\" src=\"https:\/\/www.davita.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/Como-decorre.jpg\" class=\"attachment-full size-full wp-image-59744\" alt=\"Como decorre\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.davita.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/Como-decorre.jpg 1000w, https:\/\/www.davita.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/Como-decorre-276x300.jpg 276w, https:\/\/www.davita.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/Como-decorre-942x1024.jpg 942w, https:\/\/www.davita.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/Como-decorre-768x835.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.davita.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/Como-decorre-370x402.jpg 370w, https:\/\/www.davita.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/Como-decorre-840x913.jpg 840w, https:\/\/www.davita.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/Como-decorre-410x446.jpg 410w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1000px) 100vw, 1000px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-546d4e1 sc_content_align_inherit sc_layouts_column_icons_position_left sc_fly_static\" data-id=\"546d4e1\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-153ca89 sc_fly_static elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"153ca89\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-457af1b sc_fly_static elementor-widget elementor-widget-trx_sc_title\" data-id=\"457af1b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"trx_sc_title.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div\t\tclass=\"sc_title sc_title_default\" ><h3 class=\"sc_item_title sc_title_title sc_item_title_style_default sc_item_title_tag trx_addons_inline_135615398\"\n\t\t\t><span class=\"sc_item_title_text\">Is there a treatment for chronic kidney disease?<\/span><\/h3><\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8eca360 sc_fly_static elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"8eca360\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Patients with chronic kidney disease in its most advanced stage, stage 5 (when only a small percentage of the kidney is functioning), need, at some point, to undergo renal replacement therapy in order to live. This can be hemodialysis, peritoneal dialysis, or kidney transplantation. The patient should choose, together with their attending nephrologist, the technique they prefer and that best suits their lifestyle.<\/p><p>Finding out you have kidney disease can be difficult, but learning more about your kidneys is the first step toward taking control of your health. Following a kidney-friendly diet, not smoking, and managing diabetes, high blood pressure, and other health problems can help you maintain better kidney function for longer, even if you have kidney disease.<\/p><p>It is also important to remember that you are not alone. At DaVita, you have an attentive, compassionate, and knowledgeable team to help you understand kidney disease and the right treatment for you.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-c7f2023 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default sc_fly_static\" data-id=\"c7f2023\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-extended\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-c0beaf0 sc_content_align_inherit sc_layouts_column_icons_position_left sc_fly_static\" data-id=\"c0beaf0\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8daaaa4 sc_height_huge sc_fly_static elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"8daaaa4\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-90bc0bc elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default sc_fly_static\" data-id=\"90bc0bc\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-extended\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-3e2979b sc_content_align_inherit sc_layouts_column_icons_position_left sc_fly_static\" data-id=\"3e2979b\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-235a10d sc_fly_static elementor-widget elementor-widget-trx_sc_title\" data-id=\"235a10d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"trx_sc_title.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div\t\tclass=\"sc_title sc_title_default\" ><h3 class=\"sc_item_title sc_title_title sc_item_title_style_default sc_item_title_tag trx_addons_inline_1478044808\"\n\t\t\t><span class=\"sc_item_title_text\">What is hemodialysis?<\/span><\/h3><\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-339aef2 sc_fly_static elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"339aef2\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Hemodialysis is the most common form of renal replacement therapy. It is a process that removes waste and excess fluid from the blood when the kidneys are unable to do so on their own. This treatment can be performed in a hospital or at dialysis clinics near the patient's home.<\/p><p>During treatment, blood is taken from a blood vessel and passed through a synthetic filter, the dialyzer (or \u201cartificial kidney\u201d), before being returned to the body. This process helps maintain safer levels of certain chemicals, such as potassium, in the bloodstream.<\/p><p class=\"translation-block\">Usually, three hemodialysis sessions per week are required, with each session lasting an average of 4 hours. Hemodialysis is an effective treatment for patients with end-stage renal disease. However, hemodialysis alone does not guarantee complete treatment in cases of kidney failure. You will need to follow a diet tailored to your needs and control your fluid intake. You may need to take certain medications to replace other functions performed by the kidneys, such as controlling <strong>blood pressure<\/strong> and stimulating red blood cell production to prevent anemia.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-02df0a2 sc_content_align_inherit sc_layouts_column_icons_position_left sc_fly_static\" data-id=\"02df0a2\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b140094 sc_fly_static elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"b140094\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1000\" height=\"1310\" src=\"https:\/\/www.davita.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/O-que-e-a-hemodialise.jpg\" class=\"attachment-full size-full wp-image-61013\" alt=\"O que \u00e9 a hemodi\u00e1lise\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.davita.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/O-que-e-a-hemodialise.jpg 1000w, https:\/\/www.davita.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/O-que-e-a-hemodialise-229x300.jpg 229w, https:\/\/www.davita.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/O-que-e-a-hemodialise-782x1024.jpg 782w, https:\/\/www.davita.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/O-que-e-a-hemodialise-768x1006.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.davita.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/O-que-e-a-hemodialise-370x485.jpg 370w, https:\/\/www.davita.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/O-que-e-a-hemodialise-840x1100.jpg 840w, https:\/\/www.davita.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/O-que-e-a-hemodialise-410x537.jpg 410w, https:\/\/www.davita.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/O-que-e-a-hemodialise-750x983.jpg 750w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1000px) 100vw, 1000px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-5034ec8 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default sc_fly_static\" data-id=\"5034ec8\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-extended\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6fb93b3 sc_content_align_inherit sc_layouts_column_icons_position_left sc_fly_static\" data-id=\"6fb93b3\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-de25fde sc_height_huge sc_fly_static elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"de25fde\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-456c97d elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default sc_fly_static\" data-id=\"456c97d\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-extended\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-c73436c sc_content_align_inherit sc_layouts_column_icons_position_left sc_fly_static\" data-id=\"c73436c\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8530534 sc_fly_static elementor-widget elementor-widget-trx_sc_title\" data-id=\"8530534\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"trx_sc_title.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div\t\tclass=\"sc_title sc_title_default\" ><h3 class=\"sc_item_title sc_title_title sc_item_title_style_default sc_item_title_tag trx_addons_inline_1819517875\"\n\t\t\t><span class=\"sc_item_title_text\">How does hemodialysis work?<\/span><\/h3><\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2211ff4 sc_fly_static elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"2211ff4\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>In hemodialysis, blood is removed from the body and filtered through a membrane called a dialyzer or artificial kidney. After this \u201ccleaning,\u201d the filtered blood is returned to the patient's body. On average, people have 4 to 5 liters of blood; during dialysis, only half a liter of blood (about two cups) remains outside the body.<\/p><p>In order to perform hemodialysis, an access point must be created that allows blood to flow to the dialyzer and back to your body. There are three types of access points for hemodialysis: arteriovenous (AV) fistula, AV graft, and central venous catheter (CVC).<\/p><p>AV fistula is the vascular access most recommended by dialysis specialists; however, you will need to decide, together with your nephrologist, which access is best suited to your situation.<\/p><p>When a patient begins hemodialysis, their vital signs and weight are checked by a nurse. Weight gain indicates excess fluid that must be removed during treatment.<\/p><p>In patients with vascular access (AV fistula or AV prosthesis), two needles are inserted: one for blood outflow and one for blood return. In patients with a central venous catheter, blood enters and exits through the branches of the CVC.<\/p><p>The dialysis machine is programmed and treatment begins. The dialysis machine is like a large computer. It continuously records blood flow, blood pressure, the amount of fluid removed, and other vital information. It mixes the dialysate, i.e., the dialysis solution, which is the dialysis bath that enters the dialyzer. The dialysis machine has a blood pump that keeps the blood flowing, allowing blood to circulate from the patient to the dialyzer and back to the patient. The dialysis machine also has several safety features to ensure safe and efficient treatment.<\/p><p>The dialyzer is key to hemodialysis. The dialyzer is called an artificial kidney because it filters the blood\u2014a function that was previously performed by the kidneys. The dialyzer is a hollow plastic tube containing many tiny filters.<\/p><p>Dialyzers come in different sizes, so the nephrologist prescribes the most suitable dialyzer for each patient. The dialyzer consists of two compartments: the compartment for the dialysate (dialysis solution) and the compartment for the blood. The two compartments are separated by a semipermeable membrane so that they do not mix.<\/p><p>The semipermeable membrane has microscopic holes through which only certain substances can pass. Because it is semipermeable, water and waste products can pass through the membrane, but blood cells cannot. The dialysate, also known as dialysis solution, is a solution of pure water, electrolytes, and salts, such as bicarbonate and sodium.<\/p><p>The purpose of the dialysate is to remove toxins from the blood and pass them into the dialysate. This process is called diffusion. In the blood of hemodialysis patients, there is a high concentration of waste products, while the dialysate has a low concentration of waste products. Due to the difference in concentration between the blood and the dialysate, the waste passes through the semipermeable membrane, creating an equal amount of waste on both sides. The dialysis solution is eliminated along with the waste. The electrolytes present in the dialysis solution are also used to balance the electrolytes in the patients' blood.<\/p><p>There are different types of dialysis solutions, so your doctor will choose the one that is best suited to your treatment. The accumulated fluids are removed through a process called filtration. The fluids are pushed through by higher pressure on the blood side than on the dialysate side.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-01ca809 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default sc_fly_static\" data-id=\"01ca809\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-extended\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-d257523 sc_content_align_inherit sc_layouts_column_icons_position_left sc_fly_static\" data-id=\"d257523\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a6b61f2 sc_height_huge sc_fly_static elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"a6b61f2\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Durante a sess\u00e3o de hemodi\u00e1lise, a vigil\u00e2ncia dos doentes \u00e9 permanente, com monitoriza\u00e7\u00e3o peri\u00f3dica dos sinais vitais por parte da equipa de enfermagem.<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":59745,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","cpt_services_group":[301],"class_list":["post-59739","cpt_services","type-cpt_services","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","cpt_services_group-tratamentos"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.4 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>O que \u00e9 a doen\u00e7a renal cr\u00f3nica e o tratamento de di\u00e1lise? - DaVita Portugal<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"O que \u00e9 a doen\u00e7a renal cr\u00f3nica e o tratamento de di\u00e1lise?? 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